GLOSSARY

CAPTAIN:
Noun
Etymology:
Middle English capitane, from Anglo-French capitain, from Late Latin capitaneus, adjective & Noun, chief, from Latin capit-, caput head --- more at head
Date: 14th century
(1): a military leader : the commander of a unit or a body of troops (2): a subordinate officer commanding under a sovereign or general (3): a commissioned officer in the army, air force, ranking above a first lieutenant and below a major (Merriam-Webster).

CORNET:
Noun
Etymology:
Middle French cornette woman's headdress with a lappet, pennon, standard, from diminutive of corn.
Date: 1579
The onetime lowest commissioned rank in the United States cavalry (Merriam-Webster).

CORPORAL:
Noun
Etymology:
Middle French, lowest noncommissioned officer, alteration of caporal, from Old Italian caporale, from capo head, from Latin caput --- more at head
Date: 1579
A noncommissioned officer ranking in the army above a private first class and below a sergeant (Merriam-Webster).

DRUMMER:
Noun
Date: 1580
One that plays a drum (Merriam-Webster). Before motorized transport became widespread, drummers played a key role in military conflicts. The drum cadences provided set a steady marching pace, better than often accompanying wind instruments such as flutes (signal instruments such as bugles have another primary ), and kept up the troops' morale on the battlefield. Military drummers were also employed on the parade field, when troops passed in review, and in various ceremonies including ominous drum rolls accompanying disciplinary punishments. In some cases drummers had the duty of administering those punishments (Wikapedia.)

ENSIGN:
Noun
Etymology:
Middle English ensigne, sign, token, banner, from Anglo-French enseigne, from Latin insignia insignia, flags
Date: 15th century
An infantry officer of what was formerly the lowest commissioned rank (Merriam-Webster).

LIEUTENANT:
Noun
Etymology:
Middle English, from Anglo-French lieu tenant, from liu + tenant holding, from tenir to hold, from Latin tenre --- more at thin
Date: 14th century
A commissioned officer in the navy or coast guard ranking above a lieutenant junior grade and below a lieutenant commander (Merriam-Webster).

MILITIA:
Noun
Etymology:
Latin, military service, from milit-, miles
A part of the organized armed forces of a country liable to call only in emergency (Merriam-Webster). The Virginia militia is composed of the body of the people in the Commonwealth of Virginia which is an armed force of all citizens capable of bearing arms. The Virginia militia was established in 1607 as part of the British militia system (Wikapedia).

MUSTER ROLL:
Noun
Date: 1605
Inventory, roster; specifically : a register of the officers and men in a military unit or ship's company (Merriam-Webster).

PAY ROLL:
Noun
Date: 1740
A paymaster's list of those entitled to pay and of the amounts due to each (Merriam-Webster).

PRIVATE:
Noun
Date:
15th century
An enlisted man of the lowest rank in the marine corps or of one of the two lowest ranks in the army
(Merriam-Webster).

REGIMENT:
Noun
Etymology:
Middle English, from Middle French, from Late Latin regimentum, alteration of Latin regimen
Date: 14th century
A military unit consisting usually of a number of battalions (Merriam-Webster).

SERGEANT:
Noun
Etymology:
Middle English, servant, attendant, sergeant, from Anglo-French sergant, serjant, from Latin servient-, serviens, present participle of servire to serve
Date: 13th century
A noncommissioned officer ranking in the army (Merriam-Webster).

Sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org
http://www.merriam-webster.com


© Copyright 2008-2011 by Gail M. Walczyk